Attention: Next Terrorist Attack 13th January 2009

13th May : Jaipur Bomb Blasts

26th July : Ahmadabad Bomb Blasts

13th September : Delhi Bomb Blasts

26th November : Mumbai Terror Attack

13th January : Where????


It looks like the terrorists have planned to bleed us every alternate months either on the 13th or the 26th day.So now after the 26th November carnage in Mumbai. December may remain calm...But January??? Are the intelligence guys looking or not.

Mumbai Blasts: Unseen Photographs

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CCNA 2 - Module 1 100%

CCNA 2 - Module 1

1. If a router cannot find a valid configuration file during the startup sequence, what will occur?
The router will prompt the user for a response to enter setup mode.

2. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the router with the interface IP addresses shown for the directly connected networks. Pings from the router to hosts on the connected networks or pings between router interfaces are not working. What is the most likely problem?
The interfaces must be enabled with the no shutdown command.

3. Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
The FastEthernet0/0 and Serial0/0/0 interfaces of this router were configured with an IP address and the no shutdown command.
An IP packet received by this router with a destination address of 198.18.9.1 will be forwarded out of the Serial0/0/0 interface.

4. Refer to the exhibit. The frame shown in the exhibit was received by the router. The router interfaces are operational. How will the router process this frame? (Choose two.)
The router will change the frame type to one supported by the WAN link before forwarding the frame.
The frame was received on the Fa0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the S0/0/0 interface.

5. Passwords can be used to restrict access to all or parts of the Cisco IOS. Select the modes and interfaces that can be protected with passwords. (Choose three.)
VTY interface
console interface
privileged EXEC mode

6. Which two statements correctly describe the components of a router? (Choose two.)
ROM contains diagnostics executed on hardware modules.
Flash memory does not lose its contents during a reboot.

7. Refer to the exhibit. After host 2 is connected to the switch on the LAN, host 2 is unable to communicate with host 1. What is the cause of this problem?
The subnet mask of host 2 is incorrect.
Host 1 and host 2 are on different networks.

8. Which are functions of a router? (Choose three.)
packet switching
segmentation of broadcast domains
selection of best path based on logical addressing

9. Refer to the exhibit. All routers have a route in its routing table to each network that is shown in the exhibit. Default routes have not been issued on these routers. What can be concluded about how packets are forwarded in this network? (Choose two.)
If RouterA receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.3.146, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.
If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.27.15, it will be forwarded out interface S0/0/1.

10. The serial connection shown in the graphic needs to be configured. Which configuration commands must be made on the Sydney router to establish connectivity with the Melbourne site? (Choose three.)
Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0
Sydney(config-if)# no shutdown
Sydney(config-if)# clock rate 56000

11. Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output of the running-configuration of a router?
The commands that are displayed determine the current operation of the router.

12. Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings host B. When R4 accepts the ping into the Ethernet interface, what two pieces of header information are included? (Choose two.)
destination IP address: 192.168.10.134
destination MAC address: 9999.DADC.1234

13. What is the outcome of entering these commands?
R1(config)# line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)# password check123
R1(config-line)# login
sets the password to be used for connecting to this router via Telnet

14. Which of the following is the correct flow of routines for a router startup?
load bootstrap, load IOS, apply configuration

15. What three processes does a router execute when it receives a packet from one network that is destined for another network? (Choose three.)
decapsulates the Layer 3 packet by stripping off the Layer 2 frame header
uses the destination IP Address in the IP header to look up the next-hop address in the routing table
encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into the new Layer 2 frame and forwards it out the exit interface

16. The network administrator needs to connect two routers directly via their FastEthernet ports. What cable should the network administrator use?
cross-over

17. Which two statements describe characteristics of load balancing? (Choose two.)
Load balancing allows a router to forward packets over multiple paths to the same destination network.
Unequal cost load balancing is supported by EIGRP.

18. What information about the router and its startup process can be gathered from the output of the show version command? (Choose three.)
the last restart method
the configuration register settings
the location from where the IOS loaded

19. Which interfaces in the exhibit could be used for a leased line WAN connection? (Choose two.)
1
4

20. From what location can a router load the Cisco IOS during the boot process? (Choose two.)
TFTP server
Flash memory

21. A network administrator has just entered new configurations into Router1. Which command should be executed to save configuration changes to NVRAM?
Router1# copy running-config startup-config

22. What is the default sequence for loading the configuration file?
NVRAM, TFTP, CONSOLE

23. What header address information does a router change in the information it receives from an attached Ethernet interface before information is transmitted out another interface?
the Layer 2 source and destination address

10 things to like about google chrome

1. Open Source

Being open source helps open the doors to all sorts of goodies in the form of extensions, plugins, and addons. Firefox’s success today comes from the fact that any feature you can imagine has been implemented as an extension.

Chromium, Google Chrome’s open source project was opened shortly after the beta release. Here’s a couple of tidbits you might be interested in. Chromium uses Subversion as it’s version control system and it was written in C++ using Visual Studio 2005.

2. The Speed

Holy crap, Chrome is fast. The UI is responsive, pages load quickly, and the Javascript is blazing fast. CNET compiled a nice set of benchmarks comparing Chrome to the other major browsers and the end results speak for themselves.

Credit: Stephen Shankland/CNET News

Chrome won’t be holding the top spot for long if Tracemonkey lives up to its reputation. According to a press release from Mozilla, Firefox 3.1’s Javascript engine will be faster than Chrome’s V8.

3. Existing Rendering Engine - WebKit

It’s not that I like WebKit. It has quirks just like every other rendering engine. What I like is that Google decided to use an existing engine to power Chrome instead of rolling their own. Every site we build here at SOTC goes through the gambit of browsers - Firefox, IE6, IE7, Safari, and Opera. It’s challenging enough making a site work across the board and the last thing web developers need is another browser to add to the list. In most cases, a site made to work in Safari will work in Chrome without any problems.

4. Tab Processes

Every tab you create in Chrome spawns a new process (unless two tabs are visiting sites with the same top-level domain). This prevents a single tab from crashing the browser or making it unresponsive by consuming too many resources. Javascript being executed in one tab does not affect any other tab. Flash, however, still does. In fact a Flash animation can render the entire browser unusable if it’s using the entire processor. It’s something all browsers suffer from and hopefully Adobe will address it in the future.

5. The Task Manager

Every tab and every plugin are displayed in Chrome’s task manager. This helpful little utility makes finding the site or plugin that is hosing the processor much easier than it used to be.

6. Text Search Location Highlighting

Ok, so I don’t know the technical term for this feature, but when you search for text (control-F), Chrome will highlight on the scrollbar places in the document where that term is found. It’s a simple feature, but one that is extremely useful.

7. The Omnibar

Chrome’s Omnibar is pretty close to Firefox’s Awesome Bar, with a few exceptions. First of all, the Omnibar will suggest other sites for you that you haven’t even visited yet. It’s also a replacement for the search box. Just type something in the box and if it’s not a website, it will search for the term using the search engine of your choice (defaults to Google, of course).

8. The Stability

I’ve been using Chrome on two different computers with two different operating systems exclusively for two straight days and I have yet to make it crash. Firefox 3 didn’t fair so well when it first came out. If the announcement comic is correct, they perform some serious testing on each build of the browser.

9. Tab Dragging

In Chrome, you can grab a tab, dislodge it from it’s current window and either drop it on the desktop to create a new window, or drop it inside another Chrome window as a new tab. I don’t know if I’ll ever actually use the feature myself, but it’s really fun to play with.

10. Incognito Mode

In Chrome, you can create a new window, called an Incognito window, that doesn’t save any information about where you’ve been or what you’ve done. According to Google, you might want something like this if you’re buying a gift for someone that shares your computer, and you don’t want them to know what you’ve been looking at. Various bloggers and reviewers, however, have a different use in mind.

Encryption

Privacy has been the prime requirement for the modern day man. We ofter hear - Privacy is dead. Is it? To some extent though it is, but the reason is not those that made it die, but those that left their privacy wide open to all. Privacy is there, as long as you let it be.

Today's cyber world is filled with prying eyes, with people trying to know about you. The information they will try to gather ranges from your email id, passwords, your emails etc. This post will try and concentrate on the email privacy stuff.

Email privacy has been a concern, ever since email became reality. Emails started back in the eighties. The thing that concerns us is that whenever we send mail, it passes through a number of routers, that come in between the smtp server and the pop server. Many routers will make a local copy of these data, and store them for further retrieval. In many places, in cyber cafes, keyloggers would be common, that not only log your passwords, but whatever you type in the keyboard. In short, it will monitor your site visits, your passwords, your emails and what not. Most of this is done due to Government implementations, others for private misuse purposes. But we can actually prevent all this, if we take certain measures.

Email encryption has been around for a long time now, but still there are many that would prefer to send unencrypted messages, unknowing that they can be sniffed in between, used for various other purposes like privacy theft, identity theft etc. But with 4096 bits encryption around, if the misuser does not possess a set of a few supercomputers, there is no way to break the encryption.

One can use the various applications for the encryption and then use a mailer to send the mails through smtp servers. In present date, most mail servers are free and most of them won't allow pop access to mails, unless you upgrade to premium accounts, for which you'd have to pay. Gmail is the only provider, that I know, provides POP as well as IMAP access for free. As for the encryption application, one can use GNU's Privacy Guard the GNUpg and for the mailer application, one can use the MS Outlook, if one uses windows, or the Mozilla Thunderbird or Sea Monkey. I'd suggest Thunderbird, for it's free and it has less bugs as compared to the "MICROSOFT" Outlook. If using Thunderbird, one can use the Enigma Add-On, available on mozilla's site (www.mozilla.org).

All th algorithms will have two keys. One will be the Private key, and the other will be the Public key. While they are generated, the application may ask you to move your mouse or type random things on the keyboard or surf the internet or do disk intensive tasks. This is, so that it can generate random key, that is hard to guess. The public key is used to encrypt the message and the private key is used to decrypt it. After the generation, you will need to distribute the public key, or store it in some website or something. Keep the Private key secure with you.

Routers

Routers are the most insecure computers that exist on the Internet. There are so many routers in this world, that you can 0wn as many as you want. The most predominant reason for this lack of security of routers, is that most are not configured at all. They are left with their default passwords (I know this from personal experience). Because of this, routers are very easy to exploit. All you need to do is find out which Operating System it is using, and then just grep out the default passwords list for that. How to find the OS? Go read about nmap, stupid boy!

As routers have to work all the times, they are always on, but again they may log your data, and you may not be able to delete it. But since routers get so huge an amount of traffic everyday, that your chances to escape, literally increases very much. When you decide to exploit a router, use a wingate first, and then connect to it. Why take chances?

How to find them:

Finding routers is easy. I'll tell the most easy way. One that I had incorporated to find routers. Go to google, and search anything, then traceroute all the sites that show up. All the computers that come between yours and theirs, are routers. Then you have to scan each one for the operating system. It's that easy.

Proxies!!

Proxies are used for the web. In simpple terms, for port 80. That is, proxies will help us forge our IP by forwarding all the traffic through the proxy server. Most proxy servers will allow only simple HTML. Others however help to forward all traffic including asp, php etc, thus making the user totally secure.

There are various kinds of proxies. The ones that provide proxies through their webpages are cgi proxies. They use a cgi(Central Gateway Interface) script in the cgi-bin directory of their web server. That script takes our request, then contacts the web server that we requested, and then forwards the data in a webpage, with their address box at the top. One very good example of cgi proxy would be http://www.anonymizer.ru. This one is a russian website. If you don't know aware of russian, you probably won't understand what's written , but there's an address box at the top, and that's what we're looking for. I'd write, suppose www.google.com there, and I'd get the google.ru and it will not forward me to google.co.in, which it will do if I use no proxy. Similarly, if it is a proxy server in Belgium, google.com would forward me to google.be. For china, it would be google.cn. You get the pattern now. Now these cgi proxies are not good enough, when it comes to php or asp based sites. The solution is simple. I'd rather use socks proxy. Socks is a protocol, that creates a secure connection between me and the proxy server. It usually runs on port 8080. So, if you have to search for your own proxies, you'd write a program, that would search throughout networks for open 8080 ports.

PUZZLE

One Puzzle for you.....lets see who can solve it fast........ ...

A little tricky but can be solved easily.

Solve it

4 criminals are caught and are to be punished. The Judge allows them to be freed if they can solve a puzzle. If they do not, they will be hung. They agreed.



The 4 criminals are lined up on some steps (shown in picture). They are all facing in the same direction. A wall separates the fourth man from the other three.

So to summarize:-
Man 1 can see men 2 and 3.
Man 2 can see man 3.
Man 3 can see none of the others.
Man 4 can see none of the others.

The criminals are wearing hats. They are told that there are two white hats and two black hats. The men initially don't know what colour hat they are wearing. They are told to shout out the color of the hat that they are wearing as soon as they know for certain what colour it is.

They are not allowed to turn round or move.
They are not allowed to talk to each other.
They are not allowed to take their hats off.

Who is the first person to shout out and why? J

INDEPENDENCE DAY AT APIIT

In the seven or eight years history of APIIT, this was the first time I-Day was being celebrated...not on the campus but at Yamuna Enclave Hostel...all thanks to but few students. Anyways We got up early around seven and did the necessary preparations...Then around 8:30 our Director came as promised and hoisted the flag amidst shouts of Jai Hind.

A good outcome of this initiative taken by the students was a promise from Mr. director that now onwards I-Day and R-Day would be organized by the management on the college premises.

CCNA 1 Final

Options With Highlight Colours are Correct Answer

1. Refer to the exhibit. Host B attempts to establish a TCP/IP session with host C. During this attempt, a frame was captured at the FastEthernet interface fa0/1 of the San Francisco router. The packet inside the captured frame has the source IP address 10.10.1.2, and the destination IP address is 10.31.1.20. What is the destination MAC address of the frame at the time of capture?
0060.7320.D632
0060.7320.D631
0040.8517.44C3
0009.B2E4.EE03
0010.C2B4.3421

2. What are three characteristics of CSMA/CD? (Choose three.)
It monitors the media for presence of a data signal.
After detecting a collision, hosts can resume transmission after a random timer has expired.
A jam signal is used to ensure that all hosts are aware that a collision has occurred.
Devices can be configured with a higher transmission priority.
Data is transmitted only when the data signal is present.
It uses a token system to avoid collisions.

3. Refer to the exhibit. The PC, the routing table of which is displayed, is configured correctly. To which network device or interface does the IP address 192.168.1.254 belong?
PC
switch
router interface fa0/0
router interface fa0/1

4. Refer to the exhibit. Host A wants to access the Internet. Which combination of a Layer 2 address and a Layer 3 address will enable this access from host A?
Destination MAC: 0030.8596.DE83 Default gateway: 209.165.202.130
Destination MAC: 0030.8596.DE82 Default gateway: 172.16.9.2
Destination MAC: 0030.8517.44C4 Default gateway: 172.16.1.1
Destination MAC: 0030.8517.44C4 Default gateway: 209.165.202.130

5. Refer to the exhibit. Communication between hosts X and Y is restricted to the local network. What is the reason for this?
The gateway addresses are broadcast addresses.
Host Y is assigned a multicast address.
Host X and host Y belong to different networks.
Host X is assigned a network address.

6. What is the result of using the clock rate 56000 command at the serial interface of the router?
The interface is configured as a DCE device.
The interface timers are cleared.
The FastEthernet interface is made to emulate a serial interface by assigning it a timing signal.
The IP address for the serial interface is configured.

7. Which three addresses belong to the category of public IP addresses? (Choose three.)
127.0.0.1
196.1.105.6
132.11.9.99
10.0.0.1
172.16.9.10
46.1.1.97

8. Which three statements are true about transport layer protocols? (Choose three.)
TCP and UDP manage communication between multiple applications.
TCP retransmits the packets for which the acknowledgment is not received.
TCP acknowledges received data.
UDP exchanges frames between the nodes of the network.
TCP has no mechanism to acknowledge transmission errors.
UDP uses windowing and sequencing to provide reliable transfer of data.

9. Refer to the exhibit. Which logical topology describes the exhibited network?
star
ring
point-to-point
multi-access

10. Which statement is true about the running configuration file in a Cisco IOS device?
It affects the operation of the device immediately when modified.
It is stored in NVRAM.
It should be deleted using the erase running-config command.
It is automatically saved when the router reboots.

11. Refer to the exhibit. Host C is able to ping 127.0.0.1 successfully, but is unable to communicate with hosts A and B in the organization. What is the likely cause of the problem?
Hosts A and B are not on the same subnet as host C.
The IP addresses on the router serial interfaces are wrong.
The subnet mask on host C is improperly configured.
The FastEthernet interface fa0/0 of router 1 is wrongly configured.

12. A host is transmitting a video over the network. How does the transport layer allow this host to use multiple applications to transmit other data at the same time as the video transmission?
It uses error control mechanisms.
It uses a connectionless protocol only for multiple simultaneous transmissions.
It uses multiple Layer 2 source addresses.
It uses multiple port numbers.

13. Refer to the exhibit. PC1 is unable to access PC2. To troubleshoot this problem, the technician needs to confirm that the next hop interface is operational. Which default gateway address should the technician ping from PC1 to confirm this?
10.0.0.254
192.168.0.249
192.168.0.250
10.0.1.254

14. Refer to the exhibit. Cable 1 and Cable 2 are wired for specific physical layer requirements. Which three segments use Cable 2? (Choose three.)
Segment 1
Segment 2
Segment 3
Segment 4
Segment 5
Segment 6

15. Refer to the exhibit. Which two facts can be determined about the topology? (Choose two.)
Three networks are needed.
Two logical address ranges are required.
A single broadcast domain is present.
Three collision domains are present.
Four networks are needed.

16. Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements are true about the IP configuration that is displayed? (Choose three.)
The assigned address is a private address.
The PC cannot communicate with the DNS server.
The network can have 126 hosts.
The prefix of the computer address is /26.
The IP address is routable on the Internet.
The IP address is a multicast address.

17. Which password restricts Telnet access to the router?
enable
enable secret
console
VTY

18. Refer to the exhibit. To create the initial configuration, a network technician connected host A to the router using the connection that is shown. Which statement is true about this connection?
It terminates at the Ethernet port of the router.
It provides out-of-band console access.
It terminates at the serial interface of the router.
It requires a Telnet client on host A to access the router.

19. Which device should be used for routing a packet to a remote network?
access switch
DHCP server
hub
router

20. Refer to the exhibit. The serial interface of the router was configured with the use of the commands that are shown. The router cannot ping the router that is directly connected to interface serial 0/0/0. What should the network technician do to solve this problem?
Configure the description at interface serial 0/0/0.
Configure an IP address on interface serial 0/0/0.
Remove the no shutdown command at interface serial 0/0/0
Reboot the router.

21. Refer to the exhibit. In a network, host A is sending data segments to host B. The flow control of the segments that are being exchanged is displayed. Which two statements are true about this communication? (Choose two.)
The initial window size is determined via the two-way handshake.
The window size for the TCP session that is represented is initially set to 3000 bytes.
Acknowledgment number 3001 indicates that host A will send the next segment with sequence number 3001.
Host B expects that the next received segment number will be 3000.
No more acknowledgments will be exchanged.

22. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to remotely access the CLI of the router from PC1 using modem 1. Which port of the router should be connected to modem 2 to enable this access?
console
Ethernet
auxiliary
serial

23. Which OSI layer uses a connection-oriented protocol to ensure reliable delivery of data?
application layer
presentation layer
session layer
transport layer

24. What are two functions of the data link layer? (Choose two.)
It segments and reorders the data.
It exchanges data between programs that are running on the source and destination hosts.
It controls how data is placed onto the media.
It generates signals to represent the bits in each frame.
It encapsulates each packet with a header and a trailer to transfer it across the local media.

25. Refer to the exhibit. Which list refers only to end devices?
D,E,F,G
A,H,B,C
A,D,E,F
A,D,E,G

26. Refer to the exhibit. The diagram represents the process of sending e-mail between clients. Which list correctly identifies the component or protocol used at each numbered stage of the diagram?
1.MUA 2.MDA 3.MTA 4.SMTP 5.MTA 6.POP 7.MDA 8.MUA
1.MUA 2.POP 3.MDA 4.SMTP 5.MTA 6.MDA 7.SMTP 8.MUA
1.MUA 2.POP 3.SMTP 4.MDA 5.MTA 6.SMTP 7.POP 8.MUA
1.MUA 2.SMTP 3.MTA 4.SMTP 5.MTA 6.MDA 7.POP 8.MUA

27. Refer to the exhibit. Host B was powered off. What change will occur in the MAC table of the switch?
The table will remain unaffected.
The switch will remove the MAC address at Fa0/19 immediately.
The switch will retain the MAC address until host B is powered on again.
The switch will rebuild the MAC table by assigning the FFFF.FFFF.FFFF address to port Fa0/19.

28. Refer to the exhibit. A technician has connected the PC to the switch using a Category 6 UTP cable. Which two statements are true about this connection? (Choose two.)
The cable that is used is an Ethernet crossover cable.
The transmit pin of the cable is terminated to the receive pin.
The maximum distance between the switch and the PC can be 100 m.
The maximum supported bandwidth is 1000 Mb/s.
The Category 6 cable simulates a point-to-point WAN link and is unusable for this type of connection.

29. Refer to the exhibit. A host is using NAT to connect to the Internet. Which three IP addresses enable this connection? (Choose three.)
10.1.1.63
10.1.1.37
10.1.1.39
10.1.1.32
10.1.1.60
10.1.1.2

30. Refer to the exhibit. A PC is communicating with another PC on a remote network. The two networks are connected by three routers. Which action will help to identify the path between the hosts?
Use the ipconfig command at the host.
Use the ipconfig/all command at the destination.
Use the tracert command at the host.
Use the ping command at the destination.

31. An organization wants to create a subnet of the IP network 172.16.0.0. This subnet will accommodate 1000 hosts. Which subnet mask should be assigned to this network?
255.255.0.0
255.255.248.0
255.255.252.0
255.255.254.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.128

32. Refer to the exhibit. A host is connected to hub 1. Which combination of IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway can allow this host to function in the network?
IP address: 172.16.31.36 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 Default gateway: 172.16.31.35
IP address: 172.16.31.63 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 172.16.31.35
IP address: 172.16.31.29 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 Default gateway: 172.16.31.35
IP address: 172.16.31.32 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 172.16.31.35
IP address: 172.16.31.29 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 Default gateway: 172.16.30.1
IP address: 172.16.31.37 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 172.16.31.35

33. Refer to the exhibit. A technician uses the nslookup command on the PC and views the output that is displayed in the exhibit. What is the IP address of the primary domain name server configured at the host? (Choose two.)
192.168.1.99
192.168.2.100
10.10.10.32
192.168.1.5
the IP address of the website resolver1.xyz.local

34. Which OSI layer offers ordered data reconstruction services?
application layer
network layer
presentation layer
session layer
transport layer

35. Refer to the exhibit. All devices in the network use default configurations. How many logical address ranges are required in this topology?
2
3
4
5
6

36. The network administrator wants to install a private application on a server. Which range of port numbers is normally assigned to this application to make it accessible by clients?
0 to 255
49152 to 65535
1024 to 49151
0 to 1023

37. Because of a security violation, the router password must be changed. What information can be learned from these configuration entries? (Choose two.)

Router(config)# line vty 0 4

Router(config-line)# password arj15

Router(config-line)# login
This configuration allows users to connect by using a modem.
Users must specify which line, 0 or 4, they wish to connect to when making a connection.
This configuration allows users to connect to the router via the use of the telnet command.
This configuration allows five users to make simultaneous connections to this router.
The configured password is automatically encrypted on the router.

38. Refer to the exhibit. Each media link is labeled. What type of cable should be used to connect the different devices?
Connection 1 - rollover cable Connection 2 - straight-through cable Connection 3 - crossover cable
Connection 1 - straight-through cable Connection 2 - crossover cable Connection 3 - rollover cable
Connection 1 - crossover cable Connection 2 - rollover cable Connection 3 - straight-through cable
Connection 1 - crossover cable Connection 2 - straight-through cable Connection 3 - rollover cable
Connection 1 - straight-through cable Connection 2 - straight-through cable Connection 3 - straight-through cable

39. Which two types of media are useful for connecting two devices separated by a distance of 500 meters? (Choose two.)
10 BASE-T
1000 BASE-TX
10 BASE-2
1000 BASE LX
1000 BASE-SX

40. Which information is used by the router to determine the path between the source and destination hosts?
the host portion of the IP address
the network portion of the IP address
host default gateway address
the MAC address

41. Refer to the exhibit. What two facts can be determined from the session information that is displayed? (Choose two.)
This exchange is part of the three-way handshake.
The destination port indicates that a Telnet session has been initiated.
The source port does not support communication with the destination port that is listed.
The destination port indicates that an SMTP session has been initiated.
The protocol is a connection-oriented protocol.

42. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is accessing multiple servers. Which combination of port number and address will uniquely identify a particular process running on a specific server?
MAC address of the server and port number of the service
IP address of the host and port number of the service
MAC address of the host and port number of the service
IP address of the server and port number of the service

43. A network technician wants to configure an IP address on a router interface by using the ip address 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 command. Which prompt should the technician see when entering this command?
Router>
Router(config-if)#
Router#
Router(config)#

44. Refer to the exhibit. Host X is unable to communicate with host Y. Which command can be run at host X to determine which intermediary device is responsible for this failure?
telnet 192.168.1.1
ping 192.168.1.1
ftp 192.168.1.1
tracert 192.168.1.1

45. Refer to the exhibit. In a network, PC1 sends a message to PC2. The frame received at PC2 is shown. What information in this frame determines the correct destination application?
timing and synchronization bits
destination and source physical addresses
destination and source logical network addresses
destination and source process numbers

46. An organization has been assigned network ID 10.10.128.0 and subnet mask 255.255.224.0. Which IP address range can be used for this organization?
10.10.128.0 to 10.10.160.255
10.10.128.0 to 10.10.159.255
10.10.128.0 to 10.10.192.255
10.10.128.0 to 10.10.0.159
10.10.128.0 to 10.10.159.0

47. What is the effect of using the Router# copy running-config startup-config command on a router?
The contents of ROM will change.
The contents of RAM will change.
The contents of NVRAM will change.
The contents of flash will change.

48. Which three IPv4 addresses represent valid host addresses for a subnet? (Choose three.)
10.1.12.79/28
10.1.12.113/28
10.1.12.32/28
10.1.11.5/27
10.1.11.97/27
10.1.11.128/27

49. Refer to the exhibit. The NAT functionality of the router is enabled to provide Internet access to the PC. However, the PC is still unable to access the Internet. Which IP address should be changed to 209.165.201.1 to enable the PC to access the Internet?
192.168.1.191
192.168.1.101
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.254

50. Which three statements are true about network layer addressing? (Choose three.)
It uniquely identifies each host.
It assists in forwarding packets across internetworks.
It uses a logical 32-bit IPv4 address.
It is not a configurable address.
It is a physical address.
It identifies the host from the first part of the address.